Strong Birch–Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture for abelian varieties

Let AA be an abelian variety of dimension gg over a number field FF, let AtA^t be its dual abelian variety, and let L(A,1)L^*(A,1) denote the leading coefficient of L(A,s)L(A,s) at s=1s=1. Let PAP_A be the global volume, ΘNT(A)\Theta_{NT}(A) the determinant of the Néron–Tate height pairing, and \Sha(A/F)\Sha(A/F) the Tate–Shafarevich group. Strong Birch–Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture. The group \Sha(A/F)\Sha(A/F) is finite and

L(A,1)=PAΘNT(A)[\Sha(A/F)][A(F)tor][At(F)tor].L^*(A,1)=\frac{P_A\,\Theta_{NT}(A)\,[\Sha(A/F)]}{[A(F)_{\mathrm{tor}}]\,[A^t(F)_{\mathrm{tor}}]}.

The conjecture refines the rank prediction by giving the leading coefficient in terms of periods, regulators, torsion, and the Tate–Shafarevich group. The source attributes this formulation to Tate and Gross and gives no resolution.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

S. Lichtenbaum and N. Ramachandran, “Values of zeta functions of arithmetic surfaces at s=1”, arXiv:2101.06530 (2022).

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