Erdős–Graham conjecture for equal-colored variables

An equation is partition regular if every finite coloring of N\mathbb{N} admits a solution whose variables all have the same color. Erdős–Graham conjecture. For every finite coloring of N\mathbb{N}, there exist x,yx,y of the same color such that x2+y2x^2+y^2 or x2y2x^2-y^2 is a perfect square. The two-color case for x2+y2x^2+y^2 is known, but the stated finite-coloring problem remains open, including the weaker requirement that only xx and yy have the same color.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Sebastián Donoso, Anh N. Le, Joel Moreira and Wenbo Sun, “Additive averages of multiplicative correlation sequences and applications”, arXiv:2101.02832 (2022).

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