Main trace conjecture for genuine Picard modular forms

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Let λ≠(0,0,0)\lambda\neq(0,0,0), let ν\nu and μ\mu be as in the paper, and write λ=(a,b,i)\lambda=(a,b,i) so that i≡2a+bi\equiv_2 a+b. Let T(ν)T(\nu) be the Hecke operator, FνF_\nu the corresponding Frobenius, Sn(λ)gen(Γ[−3])μS_{n(\lambda)}^{\rm gen}(\Gamma[\sqrt{-3}])^\mu the μ\mu-isotypic genuine subspace, and ec,μ(λ)e_{c,\mu}(\lambda) and eextr,μ(λ)e_{\rm extr,\mu}(\lambda) the cohomological terms defined in the paper. The main trace conjecture.

Tr⁡(T(ν),Sn(λ)gen(Γ[−3])μ)=Tr⁡(Fν,ec,μ(λ)−eextr,μ(λ)).\operatorname{Tr}\bigl(T(\nu),S_{n(\lambda)}^{\rm gen}(\Gamma[\sqrt{-3}])^\mu\bigr)=\operatorname{Tr}\bigl(F_\nu,e_{c,\mu}(\lambda)-e_{\rm extr,\mu}(\lambda)\bigr).

This is intended to compute genuine Hecke traces from point counts after subtracting Eisenstein and lift contributions; its status is explicitly conjectural in the source.

References

Primary source

Jonas Bergström and Gerard van der Geer, “Picard modular forms and the cohomology of local systems on a Picard modular surface”, arXiv:2012.07673 (2020).

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