Brilleslyper and Schaubroeck's unit-circle root-count conjecture for trinomials

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Let n,m∈Nn,m\in\mathbb N satisfy

gcd⁡(n,m)=1.\gcd(n,m)=1.

Consider the trinomial xn+xm−1x^n+x^m-1, and let the interior of the unit circle mean {z∈C:∣z∣<1}\{z\in\mathbb C:|z|<1\}.

Brilleslyper and Schaubroeck's conjecture. The number of roots of xn+xm−1x^n+x^m-1 in the interior of the unit circle is

2⌊n+m−16⌋+1.2\left\lfloor\frac{n+m-1}{6}\right\rfloor+1.

The formula extends the proved special case m=1m=1, for which the source gives the count 2⌊n/6⌋+12\lfloor n/6\rfloor+1. The coprime general case is stated as a conjecture and is open in the supplied text.

References

Primary source

Biswajit Koley and A. Satyanarayana Reddy, “Survey on irreducibility of trinomials”, arXiv:2012.07568 (2020).

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