Conjecture on vortex corrections to the effective inverse temperature and free energies
Let be the effective inverse temperature defined in the source, and let , , , and denote the corresponding free energies. Vortex-correction conjecture. As , vortices contribute to the fluctuations so that
Moreover, the Coulomb free-energy lower bound is asymptotically sharp:
and
These predictions quantify the exponentially small effect of vortices at low temperature and are supported in the source by rigorous lower bounds and renormalization-group analysis. The supplied text gives no resolution.
References
Primary source
Christophe Garban and Avelio Sepúlveda, “Quantitative bounds on vortex fluctuations in 2d Coulomb gas and maximum of the integer-valued Gaussian free field”, arXiv:2012.01400 (2023).
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