The unital antilinear contraction conjecture for uniform algebras

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Let AA be a uniform algebra, let θ:A→Mn(C)\theta:A\to M_n(\mathbb{C}) be a continuous homomorphism, and let α:A→A\alpha:A\to A be a unital antilinear contraction, meaning that α(1)=1\alpha(1)=1. Define

θα(f)=12(θ(f)+θ(α(f))∗)(f∈A).\theta_\alpha(f)=\frac{1}{2}\bigl(\theta(f)+\theta(\alpha(f))^*\bigr) \quad (f\in A).

Unital uniform-algebra conjecture. If ∥θα∥≤1\|\theta_\alpha\|\leq 1, then

∥θ∥≤2.\|\theta\|\leq 2.

This conjecture would provide a homomorphism-theoretic route to the Crouzeix conjecture on numerical ranges, which asserts that ∥p(T)∥≤2max⁡z∈W(T)∣p(z)∣\|p(T)\|\leq 2\max_{z\in W(T)}|p(z)| for every polynomial pp and matrix TT. The paper proves the bound 1+21+\sqrt{2} in the non-unital case and establishes the conjecture in two special cases, but the general assertion remains open.

References

Primary source

Raphaël Clouâtre, Maëva Ostermann and Thomas Ransford, “An abstract approach to the Crouzeix conjecture”, arXiv:2011.10422 (2022).

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