Stauduhar's conjecture on the number of distinct factorial residues

From papers

Let pp be a prime and let h(p)h(p) denote the number of distinct residues of 1!,2!,,(p1)!1!,2!,\dots,(p-1)! modulo pp.

Stauduhar's conjecture.

limph(p)p=11e.\lim_{p\to\infty}\frac{h(p)}{p}=1-\frac{1}{e}.

This conjecture predicts that the factorial sequence misses about p/ep/e residue classes modulo pp. It remains unsolved; the asserted limit is known in average for modular mappings and is supported by numerical calculations.

Progress summary

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Cristian Cobeli and Alexandru Zaharescu, “Factorials p and the average of modular mappings”, arXiv:2011.07582 (2020).

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