Real critical points conjecture for reciprocal likelihoods of d-pencils

From papers

Let L\mathcal{L} be a d-pencil, meaning a pencil of quadrics with no zeros in real projective space, and suppose that it has rr distinct eigenvalues. For data s=(s1,,sn)Rns=(s_1,\ldots,s_n)\in\mathbb{R}^n, consider the reciprocal log-likelihood function

~S(x,y)=i=1n(log(aix+y)siaix+y).\widetilde{\ell}_S(x,y)=\sum_{i=1}^n\left(-\log(a_i x+y)-\frac{s_i}{a_i x+y}\right).

Real critical points conjecture. There exists s=(s1,,sn)Rns=(s_1,\ldots,s_n)\in\mathbb{R}^n such that ~S\widetilde{\ell}_S has 2r32r-3 distinct real critical points.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Claudia Fevola, Yelena Mandelshtam and Bernd Sturmfels, “Pencils of Quadrics: Old and New”, arXiv:2009.04334 (2021).

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