The noisy equitable stochastic block model detection conjecture

Let \bTδ\bT_\delta be the noise operator that rewires δn\lfloor\delta n\rfloor swaps of a dd-regular graph, and let \sGn,d,k,ηeq\sG_{n,d,k,\eta}^{\,\mathrm{eq}} be the equitable stochastic block model. Write \sG~n,d,k,η,δeq\widetilde{\sG}^{\,\mathrm{eq}}_{n,d,k,\eta,\delta} for the distribution of \bTδ(\bG)\bT_\delta(\bG) when \bG\sGn,d,k,ηeq\bG\sim\sG_{n,d,k,\eta}^{\,\mathrm{eq}}. For fixed δ>0\delta>0, η[1k1,1]\eta\in[-\frac{1}{k-1},1], k2k\geq2, and d<dKSeq(η)d<d_{\mathrm{KS}}^{\,\mathrm{eq}}(\eta), with k(1η)dk\mid(1-\eta)d, the noisy equitable stochastic block model detection conjecture. There is no polynomial-time algorithm that, with high probability as nn\to\infty, distinguishes \sG~n,d,k,η,δeq\widetilde{\sG}^{\,\mathrm{eq}}_{n,d,k,\eta,\delta} from \sGn,d\sG_{n,d}. The divisibility condition ensures that the equitable model is defined for an infinite sequence of values of nn. This conjecture is used as a conditional hardness assumption for results on random regular graphs; the added rewiring noise is stated to be crucial to the conjecture's applicability.

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Primary source

Afonso S. Bandeira, Jess Banks, Dmitriy Kunisky, Cristopher Moore and Alexander S. Wein, “Spectral Planting and the Hardness of Refuting Cuts, Colorability, and Communities in Random Graphs”, arXiv:2008.12237 (2020).

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