Normal distribution and flip connectivity conjecture for random tilings of large boxes

From papers

Consider the cubiculated box

R=[0,L]×[0,M]×[0,N],L,M,NN,LMN even.{\cal R}=[0,L]\times[0,M]\times[0,N],\qquad L,M,N\in\mathbb{N}^*,\quad LMN\text{ even}.

Let T,T0,T1\mathbf T,\mathbf T_0,\mathbf T_1 be independent uniformly distributed random tilings of R\mathcal R, and let Tw\operatorname{Tw} denote the twist, while \approx denotes connectivity by a finite sequence of flips. Normal distribution and flip connectivity conjecture. As min(L,M,N)\min(L,M,N)\to\infty, the random variable

1LMNTw(T)\frac{1}{\sqrt{LMN}}\operatorname{Tw}(\mathbf T)

converges in distribution to a normal distribution centered at 00, and

limmin(L,M,N)Prob[T0T1Tw(T0)=Tw(T1)]=1.\lim_{\min(L,M,N)\to\infty}\operatorname{Prob}\left[\mathbf T_0\approx\mathbf T_1\mid \operatorname{Tw}(\mathbf T_0)=\operatorname{Tw}(\mathbf T_1)\right]=1.

The first assertion predicts Gaussian fluctuations of the twist at scale LMN\sqrt{LMN}; the second says that, asymptotically, equal twist is almost surely sufficient for flip connectivity. The paper presents empirical evidence but does not establish either assertion, and notes that the formulation should hold more generally than for boxes.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Nicolau C. Saldanha, “Domino tilings of cylinders: connected components under flips and normal distribution of the twist”, arXiv:2007.09500 (2021).

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