The strong density conjecture for arithmetic representations

Let X0X_0 be a smooth geometrically connected variety over a finite field k=Fqk={\mathbb F}_q of characteristic pp\neq\ell, let X=X0kkˉX=X_0\otimes_k\bar k, and let G=π1eˊt(X,x)G=\pi_1^{\rm \acute{e}t}(X,x) for a geometric point xX0(kˉ)x\in X_0(\bar k). Fix a prime p\ell\neq p, a finite field F\mathbb F of characteristic \ell, and a continuous semisimple representation ρˉ:GGLr(F)\bar\rho:G\to\operatorname{GL}_r(\mathbb F). Let Sρˉ\mathcal S_{\bar\rho} be the corresponding representation space with its Zariski topology, let Φ\Phi be the Frobenius automorphism of Sρˉ\mathcal S_{\bar\rho}, and let Aρˉ=n>0SρˉΦn\mathcal A_{\bar\rho}=\bigcup_{n>0}\mathcal S_{\bar\rho}^{\Phi^n} be the set of arithmetic points. If ZSρˉZ\subset\mathcal S_{\bar\rho} is Zariski closed and Φn(Z)=Z\Phi^n(Z)=Z for some integer n>0n>0, then Strong conjecture. ZZ is the Zariski closure of its arithmetic points ZAρˉZ\cap\mathcal A_{\bar\rho}. This strengthens the weak density assertion by imposing the same density conclusion on every Frobenius-invariant closed subspace; the supplied text gives no resolution status.

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Primary source

Hélène Esnault and Moritz Kerz, “Density of Arithmetic Representations of Function Fields”, arXiv:2005.12819 (2022).

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