Rudnick–Sarnak–Zaharescu Diophantine criterion for Poissonian statistics

For α[0,1]\alpha\in[0,1], say that α\alpha is of type ω\omega if there are only finitely many pairs (a,q)(a,q) satisfying αa/q<qω\lvert\alpha-a/q\rvert<q^{-\omega}. Let a/qa/q range over the convergents to α\alpha, let q~\widetilde q denote the square-free part of qq, and let Wα,L,NW_{\alpha,L,N} be the random variable counting the points αn2mod1\alpha n^2\operatorname{mod}1 in a random interval of length L/NL/N. Rudnick–Sarnak–Zaharescu conjecture. If α\alpha is of type 2+ε2+\varepsilon for all ε>0\varepsilon>0 and its convergents satisfy

limqlogq~logq=1,\lim_{q\to\infty}\frac{\log\widetilde q}{\log q}=1,

then, for every fixed L>0L>0,

Wα,L,NdistPo(L)W_{\alpha,L,N}\xrightarrow{\operatorname{dist}}\operatorname{Po}(L)

as NN\to\infty. This gives a Diophantine condition intended to ensure Poissonian local statistics for the quadratic sequence; the source presents it as a further conjecture and supplies no resolution evidence.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Niclas Technau and Aled Walker, “On the triple correlations of fractional parts of n^2α”, arXiv:2005.01490 (2021).

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