The conjecture on the distribution of writhe in random grid diagrams

Let ww denote the writhe of a knot represented by an n×nn\times n grid diagram. The distribution is considered for knots encoded by two nn-permutations recording the order of the columns and rows. Writhe distribution conjecture. The writhe follows a distribution with trivial expected value and skewness, and with variance and kurtosis given by

Var(w)=118n2andκ(w)=3.5.\operatorname{Var}(w)=\frac{1}{18}n^2 \qquad\text{and}\qquad \kappa(w)=3.5.

The conjecture is motivated by numerical experiments on randomly generated grid diagrams, whose sample means are close to zero, variances are proportional to n2n^2, and kurtoses are approximately 3.53.5.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Margaret I. Doig, “Typical knots: size, link component count, and writhe”, arXiv:2004.07730 (2021).

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