Dichotomy conjecture for free products of automaton semigroups
Let and be automata, and let and be the automaton semigroups generated by their states. Their free product is denoted by . Dichotomy conjecture. One of the following holds: every free product of two, and hence of finitely many, automaton semigroups is itself an automaton semigroup; or it is undecidable, given two automata and , whether is an automaton semigroup. This presents the unresolved closure question as a dichotomy between universal closure and undecidability of the corresponding decision problem.
References
Primary source
Tara Macalister Brough, Jan Philipp Wächter and Janette Welker, “Preserving self-similarity in free products of semigroups”, arXiv:2003.12810 (2025).
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