Shift-invariance conjecture for the KPZ equation

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Fix t>0t>0, Δ>0\Delta>0, two segments [X,X′][X,X'] and [Y,Y′][Y,Y'] in R\mathbb R, and real numbers (x1,…,xn)(x_1,\dots,x_n), (y1,…,yn)(y_1,\dots,y_n), (x~1,…,x~k)(\tilde x_1,\dots,\tilde x_k), and (y~1,…,y~k)(\tilde y_1,\dots,\tilde y_k). Assume that for each 1≤j≤k1\le j\le k, [x~j,x~j+Δ]⊂[X,X′][\tilde x_j,\tilde x_j+\Delta]\subset[X,X'] and [y~j,y~j+Δ]⊂[Y,Y′][\tilde y_j,\tilde y_j+\Delta]\subset[Y,Y']. Also assume that for each 1≤i≤n1\le i\le n, either xi≤Xx_i\le X and yi≥Y′y_i\ge Y', or xi≥X′x_i\ge X' and yi≤Yy_i\le Y. Let Z(y)(t,x)\mathcal Z^{(y)}(t,x) denote the KPZ equation's continuum directed random polymer partition function from yy to xx at time tt. KPZ shift-invariance conjecture. The joint distribution satisfies

(Z(y~j)(t,x~j),j=1,…,k; Z(yi)(t,xi),i=1,…,n)=d(Z(y~j+Δ)(t,x~j+Δ),j=1,…,k; Z(yi)(t,xi),i=1,…,n).\bigl(\mathcal Z^{(\tilde y_j)}(t,\tilde x_j), j=1,\dots,k; \, \mathcal Z^{(y_i)}(t,x_i), i=1,\dots,n \bigr)\stackrel{d}{=}\bigl(\mathcal Z^{(\tilde y_j+\Delta)}(t,\tilde x_j+\Delta), j=1,\dots,k; \, \mathcal Z^{(y_i)}(t,x_i), i=1,\dots,n\bigr).

The conjecture extends the known shift-invariance theorem for configurations satisfying x~1<⋯<x~k\tilde x_1<\cdots<\tilde x_k and y~1>⋯>y~k\tilde y_1>\cdots>\tilde y_k; the claimed kk-dimensional invariance without these inequalities is motivated by numerical and formulaic evidence and remains unresolved here.

References

Primary source

Alexei Borodin, Vadim Gorin and Michael Wheeler, “Shift-invariance for vertex models and polymers”, arXiv:1912.02957 (2020).

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