The asymptotic period conjecture for coefficients of U(1,X)

Let U(1,X)U(1,X) denote the polynomial-ring analogue of the Ulam sequence, and let ai,bi,ci,dia_i,b_i,c_i,d_i be its coefficients. For real XX, reduction modulo 3X+λ3X+\lambda' is taken using representatives in an interval of length 3X+λ3X+\lambda'. Asymptotic period conjecture. There exist real numbers λ0.417031\lambda'\approx0.417031, σ11.86\sigma_1\approx1.86, and σ21.3\sigma_2\approx-1.3 such that, for every ϵ>0\epsilon>0, if ii is sufficiently large, then

aiX+bi, ciX+dimod(3X+λ)(X+λ3ϵ,X+σ1+ϵ)(2X+σ2ϵ,2X+2λ3+ϵ).a_iX+b_i,\ c_iX+d_i\mod(3X+\lambda')\in\left(X+\frac{\lambda'}{3}-\epsilon,X+\sigma_1+\epsilon\right)\cup\left(2X+\sigma_2-\epsilon,2X+\frac{2\lambda'}{3}+\epsilon\right).

This conjecture gives a more precise form of the observed period phenomenon for the block endpoints of U(1,n)U(1,n); the source reports numerical evidence but no proof.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Arseniy Sheydvasser, “The Ulam Sequence of the Integer Polynomial Ring”, arXiv:1910.00109 (2021).

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