Gibbs's concentration conjecture for the Ulam sequence U(1,2)

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Let U(1,2)U(1,2) be the Ulam sequence, and for a positive real number λ\lambda interpret reduction modulo λ\lambda by taking representatives in an interval of length λ\lambda. Gibbs's concentration conjecture. There exists a real number λ2≈2.443442967784743433\lambda_2\approx2.443442967784743433 such that for all ϵ>0\epsilon>0, for KK sufficiently large,

U(1,2)∩[K,∞)mod  λ2⊂(λ23−ϵ,2λ23+ϵ).U(1,2)\cap[K,\infty)\mod\lambda_2\subset\left(\frac{\lambda_2}{3}-\epsilon,\frac{2\lambda_2}{3}+\epsilon\right).

The conjecture concerns the apparent concentration of the residues of U(1,2)U(1,2) in the middle third modulo a distinguished real period. It was confirmed computationally for the first trillion terms, but the asymptotic assertion remains open.

References

Primary source

Arseniy Sheydvasser, “The Ulam Sequence of the Integer Polynomial Ring”, arXiv:1910.00109 (2021).

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