Gibbs's concentration conjecture for the Ulam sequence U(1,2)

Let U(1,2)U(1,2) be the Ulam sequence, and for a positive real number λ\lambda interpret reduction modulo λ\lambda by taking representatives in an interval of length λ\lambda. Gibbs's concentration conjecture. There exists a real number λ22.443442967784743433\lambda_2\approx2.443442967784743433 such that for all ϵ>0\epsilon>0, for KK sufficiently large,

U(1,2)[K,)modλ2(λ23ϵ,2λ23+ϵ).U(1,2)\cap[K,\infty)\mod\lambda_2\subset\left(\frac{\lambda_2}{3}-\epsilon,\frac{2\lambda_2}{3}+\epsilon\right).

The conjecture concerns the apparent concentration of the residues of U(1,2)U(1,2) in the middle third modulo a distinguished real period. It was confirmed computationally for the first trillion terms, but the asymptotic assertion remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Arseniy Sheydvasser, “The Ulam Sequence of the Integer Polynomial Ring”, arXiv:1910.00109 (2021).

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