Full generic arboreal Galois group conjecture for rational functions

Let kk be a number field, and let ϕ(z)k(z)\phi(z)\in k(z) be a rational function of degree d2d\geq 2, defined over kk. Let L=k(t)L=k(t) be the function field, and define the generic arboreal Galois group with root point tt by

G(ϕ,k):=Gal(L/L),L:=n0L(ϕn(t)).G(\phi,k):=\operatorname{Gal}(L_{\infty}/L),\qquad L_{\infty}:=\bigcup_{n\geq 0}L\big(\phi^{-n}(t)\big).

For a finite extension K/kK/k and x0P1(K)x_0\in\mathbb{P}^1(K), let KK_{\infty} be the field generated by the iterated preimages of x0x_0 under ϕ\phi, and let G:=Gal(K/K)G_{\infty}:=\operatorname{Gal}(K_{\infty}/K). Full generic arboreal group conjecture. For every finite extension K/kK/k and every x0P1(K)x_0\in\mathbb{P}^1(K), the group GG_{\infty} is isomorphic to a subgroup of G(ϕ,k)G(\phi,k); moreover, one can choose KK and x0x_0 so that GG_{\infty} is the full group G(ϕ,k)G(\phi,k). This broader conjecture predicts that the generic function-field arboreal group is realized by a suitable specialization, while every specialization gives a subgroup of it.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Faseeh Ahmad, Robert L. Benedetto, Jennifer Cain, Gregory Carroll and Lily Fang, “The arithmetic basilica: a quadratic PCF arboreal Galois group”, arXiv:1909.00039 (2021).

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