Prefix palindromic length conjecture for non-ultimately periodic words

Let u=u[1]u[2]u=u[1]u[2]\cdots be an infinite word. For nNn\in\mathbb N, let PPLu(n)PPL_u(n) denote the minimum number of concatenated palindromes needed to express the prefix of uu of length nn. Let SPu(k)SP_u(k) denote the length of the shortest prefix of uu having palindromic length kk, with SPu(k)=SP_u(k)=\infty if no such prefix exists. Prefix palindromic length conjecture. For every non-ultimately periodic word uu, the function PPLu(n)PPL_u(n) is unbounded, equivalently,

SPu(k)<for every kN.SP_u(k)<\infty\quad\text{for every }k\in\mathbb N.

The conjecture was formulated by the author with Puzynina and Zamboni; it is known for pp-power-free words and more generally for words satisfying a (p,l)(p,l)-condition, and it has also been proved for all Sturmian words. It remains unresolved for some non-ultimately periodic words.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Anna E. Frid, “Prefix palindromic length of the Thue-Morse word”, arXiv:1906.09392 (2019).

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