The modified Bateman–Horn conjecture

Let f1,f2,,fMZ[x]f_{1},f_{2},\cdots,f_{M}\in\mathbb{Z}[x] be distinct irreducible polynomials with positive leading coefficients. Define

π(f1,f2,,fM;x)=#{nx:f1(n),f2(n),,fM(n) are primes}.\pi(f_{1},f_{2},\cdots,f_{M};x)=\#\{n\leq x:f_{1}(n),f_{2}(n),\cdots,f_{M}(n)\text{ are primes}\}.

Put f(n)=i=1Mfi(n)f(n)=\prod_{i=1}^{M}f_{i}(n), suppose that f(n)f(n) does not vanish identically modulo any prime, and let n0n_{0} be the smallest integer such that, for every n>n0n>n_{0}, fi(n)>1f_{i}(n)>1 for 1iM1\leq i\leq M. Let C(f1,f2,,fM)C(f_{1},f_{2},\cdots,f_{M}) be the Bateman–Horn constant

C(f1,f2,,fM)=p(11p)M(1ωf(p)p),C(f_{1},f_{2},\cdots,f_{M})=\prod_{p}\left(1-\frac{1}{p}\right)^{-M}\left(1-\frac{\omega_{f}(p)}{p}\right),

where ωf(p)\omega_{f}(p) is the number of solutions of f(n)0(modp)f(n)\equiv0\pmod p. Modified Bateman–Horn conjecture. For large values of xx,

π(f1,f2,,fM;x)C(f1,f2,,fM)n0xdti=1Mlogfi(t).\pi(f_{1},f_{2},\cdots,f_{M};x)\sim C(f_{1},f_{2},\cdots,f_{M})\int_{n_{0}}^{x}\frac{dt}{\prod_{i=1}^{M}\log f_{i}(t)}.

This modification retains the local correction factor while replacing the degree-based logarithmic approximation with the actual quantities logfi(t)\log f_{i}(t), thereby addressing deviations for non-monic polynomials. The proposed asymptotic is open, and the paper presents empirical evidence for its accuracy.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Weixiong Li, “A Note on the Bateman-Horn Conjecture”, arXiv:1906.03370 (2019).

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