Robin spectral-ratio conjecture for the ball

Fix n2n\geq2. Let ΩRn\Omega\subset\mathbb R^n be a bounded Lipschitz domain of volume equal to that of the ball B(R)B(R), and let λ1(Ω;α)\lambda_1(\Omega;\alpha) and λ2(Ω;α)\lambda_2(\Omega;\alpha) be the first two Robin eigenvalues.

Ball spectral-ratio conjecture. For α1/R\alpha\geq-1/R with α0\alpha\neq0, the ratio

λ2(Ω;α)λ1(Ω;α)\frac{\lambda_2(\Omega;\alpha)}{|\lambda_1(\Omega;\alpha)|}

is maximized when Ω=B(R)\Omega=B(R). The conjecture is known at the endpoint α=1/R\alpha=-1/R and for sufficiently small negative parameter in suitable smooth planar settings; its limiting Neumann case also follows from classical isoperimetric and Szegő–Weinberger results. The full assertion in the stated range remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Richard S. Laugesen, “The Robin Laplacian - spectral conjectures, rectangular theorems”, arXiv:1905.07658 (2019).

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