The extremal configuration conjecture for d+1 unit vectors

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Let d⩾1d\geqslant 1, and let (ui)i=1d+1(u_i)_{i=1}^{d+1} be a configuration of unit vectors in Sd−1⊂RdS^{d-1}\subset\mathbb{R}^d. A sequence of signs is an element ε∈{±1}d+1\varepsilon\in\{\pm1\}^{d+1}. A linear subspace H⊂RdH\subset\mathbb{R}^d is even dimensional when dim⁡H\dim H is even.

Extremal configuration conjecture. For every such configuration, there exists ε∈{±1}d+1\varepsilon\in\{\pm1\}^{d+1} such that

∣∑i=1d+1εiui∣⩾d+2.\left|\sum_{i=1}^{d+1}\varepsilon_i u_i\right|\geqslant\sqrt{d+2}.

Moreover, equality in the sharp estimate occurs if and only if, up to sign changes, (ui)i=1d+1(u_i)_{i=1}^{d+1} is the union of the vertex set of a regular simplex centered at the origin in an even-dimensional linear subspace HH and an orthonormal basis of H⊥H^\perp. This conjecture concerns the extremal point configurations for the corresponding sign-maximization problem; the source notes that the statement was corrected in the cited literature, while its resolution is not specified here.

References

Primary source

Gergely Ambrus and Sloan Nietert, “Polarization, sign sequences and isotropic vector systems”, arXiv:1904.10360 (2019).

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