Codimension-one bifurcation classification conjecture for one-fast, two-slow critical sets

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Let g∈Vfg\in V_f define a critical set C[g]\mathcal{C}[g] for a system with one fast variable and two slow variables. Let Dj,k[g,y]\mathcal{D}_{j,k}[g,y] denote the listed degeneracy subsets, with y∈R2y\in\mathbb{R}^2 a slow-variable value.

Codimension-one bifurcation conjecture. The codimension-one bifurcations of critical sets C[g]\mathcal{C}[g] are characterised by the stated classification: precisely one set Dj,k[g,y]\mathcal{D}_{j,k}[g,y] is non-empty, for precisely one y∈R2y\in\mathbb{R}^2, and precisely one of the following occurs: a loop or pair of hyperbolae appears in the fold projections at a fold tangency D1,k\mathcal{D}_{1,k}; two cusps annihilate at a cusp tangency D2,k\mathcal{D}_{2,k}; a quadratic fold line folds over to form two cusps in a swallowtail D3,k\mathcal{D}_{3,k}; the projections of two quadratic fold curves become tangent at D4,k\mathcal{D}_{4,k}; the projections of a quadratic fold curve and a cubic cusp intersect at D5,k\mathcal{D}_{5,k}; or the projections of three fold lines intersect at D6,k\mathcal{D}_{6,k}.

This is a proposed classification of codimension-one bifurcations in the one-fast, two-slow case, analogous to the preceding one-fast, one-slow classification. The source provides no evidence that the classification has been proved or refuted.

References

Primary source

Karl Nyman, Peter Ashwin and Peter Ditlevsen, “Bifurcation of critical sets and relaxation oscillations in singular fast-slow systems”, arXiv:1902.09203 (2019).

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