Real Jacobian conjecture

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Let F:Rn→RnF:\mathbb{R}^n\to\mathbb{R}^n be a polynomial map. Real Jacobian conjecture. If

det⁡F′(x)≠0for every x∈Rn,\det F'(x)\ne 0\qquad\text{for every }x\in\mathbb{R}^n,

then FF is injective. The source explains that this real analogue is false: Pinchuk constructed a counterexample for n=2n=2, so the conjecture is refuted.

References

Primary source

Wei Liu and Quan Xu, “A minimax principle to the injectivity of the Jacobian conjecture”, arXiv:1902.03615 (2019).

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