Equivalence of amalgamation, type amalgamation, coloring, and pattern conditions

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Let TT be a simple theory and let 3≤k≤ℵ03 \leq k \leq \aleph_0. Consider the following conditions: (A) TT has P−(k)\mathcal{P}^-(k)-amalgamation of models; (B) TT has <k<k-type amalgamation; (C) for every regular uncountable θ\theta, every μ=μ<θ\mu=\mu^{<\theta}, and every λ≤2μ\lambda\leq 2^\mu, TT has the (λ,μ,θ,k)(\lambda,\mu,\theta,k)-coloring property, and this remains true in every forcing extension; and (D) TT does not admit Δk′+1,k′\Delta_{k'+1,k'} for any k′<kk'<k. Equivalence conjecture. Conditions (A), (B), (C), and (D) are equivalent. The result would identify model amalgamation, type amalgamation, coloring properties, and forbidden patterns as equivalent dividing lines for simple theories; the preceding corollary establishes only the implication chain (A) ⇒\Rightarrow (B) ⇒\Rightarrow (C) ⇒\Rightarrow (D), with the middle implication cited as known.

References

Primary source

Danielle Ulrich, “Amalgamation and Keisler's Order”, arXiv:1811.09902 (2024).

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