Conjecture on the most stably singular initial condition for Dyson Brownian motion

Let λ1,,λn\lambda_1,\ldots,\lambda_n be the initial eigenvalues for Dyson Brownian motion, with parameter β0\beta\geq 0, and let Rβ(1)(0)R^{(1)}_\beta(0) denote the one-point function at time t=1t=1 evaluated at 00. The initial eigenvalues are allowed to vary over all initial conditions.

Most stably singular initial-condition conjecture. Among all initial conditions for Dyson Brownian motion, those maximizing Rβ(1)(0)R^{(1)}_\beta(0) are precisely

λ1==λn={0if β1 or n is odd,±xn,β0if β>1 and n is even.\lambda_1=\cdots=\lambda_n=\begin{cases}0&\text{if }\beta\leq 1\text{ or }n\text{ is odd},\\ \pm x_{n,\beta}\neq 0&\text{if }\beta>1\text{ and }n\text{ is even}. \end{cases}

Here xn,βx_{n,\beta} is the nonzero value appearing in the even-nn, β>1\beta>1 case.

The conjecture identifies the initial configuration that maximizes the density of eigenvalues at the origin after unit-time Dyson Brownian evolution. The supplied excerpt presents it as a conjecture based on the results in the paper and further fragmentary evidence; no resolution is given there.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Rowan Killip and Monica Visan, “Sonin's argument, the shape of solitons, and the most stably singular matrix”, arXiv:1811.01836 (2018).

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