Kräuter's rank bound conjecture for permanents of sign matrices

Let F\mathbb{F} be a field of zero characteristics. For positive integers k,nk,n, let Mk,n(F)M_{k,n}(\mathbb{F}) be the set of kk-by-nn matrices over F\mathbb{F}, and let Mk,n(±1)M_{k,n}(\pm 1) be the subset whose entries are ±1\pm 1. Write Mn=Mn,nM_n=M_{n,n}, let rkA\operatorname{rk} A denote the rank of AA, and let perA\operatorname{per} A denote its permanent. For 0lkn0\leq l\leq k\leq n, define D(n,k,l)=(dij)Mk,n(±1)D_{(n,k,l)}=(d_{ij})\in M_{k,n}(\pm1) by

dij={1,i=j and j{1,,l},1,otherwise.d_{ij}=\begin{cases} -1, & i=j\text{ and }j\in\{1,\ldots,l\},\\ 1, & \text{otherwise.} \end{cases}

When n=kn=k, write D(n,n,l)=D(n,l)D_{(n,n,l)}=D_{(n,l)}. Kräuter's conjecture. Let AMn(±1)A\in M_n(\pm1), where n5n\geq5 and rkA=r+1\operatorname{rk} A=r+1 for some rr with 0rn10\leq r\leq n-1. Then

perAperD(n,r).|\operatorname{per} A|\leq \operatorname{per}D_{(n,r)}.

Equality holds if and only if AA can be obtained from D(n,r)D_{(n,r)} by transposition, row or column permutations, and multiplication of rows or columns by 1-1. This conjecture would answer Wang's question by giving a sharp upper bound for the permanent of a sign matrix in terms of its rank; the stated source does not establish the claim, and its resolution status is not supplied here.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Mikhail V. Budrevich and Alexander E. Guterman, “Kräuter conjecture on permanents is true”, arXiv:1810.04439 (2018).

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