Common-neighborhood and common-antineighborhood conjecture for dense graphs

Let GG be a graph on nn vertices with edge density ε\varepsilon, meaning that GG has ε(n2)\varepsilon\binom{n}{2} edges, up to the interpretation of the source's phrase “ε\varepsilon fraction of the edges.” For a vertex xx, let N(x)N(x) be its neighborhood and let N(y)\overline{N}(y) be the complement of the neighborhood of yy. Common-neighborhood conjecture. There exist vertices x,yV(G)x,y\in V(G) and a subset SV(G)S\subseteq V(G) such that

Sε(1ε)nO(1)|S|\geq \varepsilon(1-\varepsilon)n-O(1)

and

SN(x)N(y).S\subseteq N(x)\cap\overline{N}(y).

The conjecture refines the preceding counting bound, which gives approximately 1ε(1ε)\sqrt{1-\varepsilon}-(1-\varepsilon) times nn; for ε=0.5\varepsilon=0.5, the authors discuss improvements toward 0.25n0.25n, with Paley graphs showing that 0.25+o(1)0.25+o(1) is best possible. The supplied text does not state that this conjecture has been resolved.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Matthew Bowen, Ander Lamaison and Alp Müyesser, “Finding unavoidable colorful patterns in multicolored graphs”, arXiv:1807.02780 (2020).

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