Local-isolation characterization of binary tropical matrix isoterms

Let n2n\geq 2. For a word ww over a two-letter alphabet, call ww locally isolated in UTn(T)\mathcal{UT}_n(\mathbb{T}) if every word ww' satisfying www'\leftrightarrow w is inequivalent to ww in UTn(T)\mathcal{UT}_n(\mathbb{T}). A word is an isoterm for UTn(T)\mathcal{UT}_n(\mathbb{T}) if it forms no nontrivial identity there. Local-isolation conjecture. A word over a two-letter alphabet is an isoterm for UTn(T)\mathcal{UT}_n(\mathbb{T}) if and only if it is locally isolated in UTn(T)\mathcal{UT}_n(\mathbb{T}).

For n=2n=2, this follows from the cited corollary, but the paper conjectures the equivalence for all nn; it would make local-neighbour checks sufficient to identify all binary isoterms.

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Primary source

Marianne Johnson and Ngoc Mai Tran, “Geometry and algorithms for upper triangular tropical matrix identities”, arXiv:1806.01835 (2018).

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