The Bézout tree conjecture for Pythagorean pairs

Consider the trinary trees generated by (2,1)(2,1) and (3,1)(3,1). For a relatively prime pair (m,n)(m,n), let (u,v)(u,v) be the pair in a Bézout tree corresponding to (m,n)(m,n), and let (U,V)(U,V) be the pair given by the \texttt{\gcd} function for the same pair (m,n)(m,n). Bézout tree conjecture. The following hold: for every (u,v)(u,v) in the Bézout tree of (3,1)(3,1) generated by (0,1)(0,1), one has

(u,v)=(U,V).(u,v)=(U,V).

One third of the (u,v)(u,v) in the Bézout tree of (2,1)(2,1) generated by (0,1)(0,1) are not equal to (U,V)(U,V). If the value of g(0,1)g(0,-1) in the second level of this Bézout tree is changed from (1,2)(-1,2) to (1,1)(1,-1), then the resulting tree satisfies

(u,v)=(U,V)(u,v)=(U,V)

for every (u,v)(u,v). These claims arise from computations of the Bézout tree to depth 1313, and describe when the tree-generated pairs agree with the pairs produced by the Euclidean algorithm; their general validity is not established in the source.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Emily Gullerud and James S. Walker, “Generating Bézout trees for Pythagorean pairs”, arXiv:1803.04875 (2018).

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