Bean–Tannock–Ulfarsson maximal staircase-encoding conjecture

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Let J(ℓ,k)J(\ell,k) denote the number of 132132-avoiding permutations of length ℓ\ell whose staircase encoding has kk nonzero boxes, and let CiC_i denote the ithi^{\text{th}} Catalan number. For fixed ℓ\ell, let kk be the largest value such that J(ℓ,k)≠0J(\ell,k)\ne 0. Bean–Tannock–Ulfarsson's conjecture. If ℓ=3i+2\ell=3i+2, then

J(ℓ,k)=Ci,J(\ell,k)=C_i,

and if ℓ=3i+1\ell=3i+1, then

J(ℓ,k)=32(2ii).J(\ell,k)=\frac{3}{2}{2i\choose i}.

The paper states that this conjecture is proved using the preceding generating-function theorem and the formula for J(ℓ,k)J(\ell,k), so the conjecture is resolved.

References

Primary source

Shyam Narayanan, “Resolving Two Conjectures on Staircase Encodings and Boundary Grids of 132 and 123-avoiding permutations”, arXiv:1802.06345 (2019).

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