Wilson's classification conjecture for nontrivially unstable circulants

Let GG be a group and let SS be a nonempty inverse-closed subset of G{1}G\setminus\{1\}, where 11 is the identity. The Cayley graph Cay(G,S)\operatorname{Cay}(G,S) has vertex set GG, with xx and yy adjacent exactly when yx1Syx^{-1}\in S. A circulant is a Cayley graph of a cyclic group; write it as Cay(Zn,S)\operatorname{Cay}(\mathbb{Z}_n,S). Such a circulant is nontrivially unstable when it is unstable but does not fall under the trivial sources of instability described in the paper. Conditions (C.1)--(C.4) are the four conditions listed in the source: (C.1) nn is even and has an even divisor aa such that every even sSs\in S also satisfies s+aSs+a\in S; (C.2) nn is divisible by 44 and has an odd divisor bb such that every odd sSs\in S also satisfies s+2bSs+2b\in S; (C.3) nn is even and there is a subgroup HZnH\leq\mathbb{Z}_n for which R:={jmodnjS, j+H⊈S}R:=\{j\bmod n\mid j\in S,\ j+H\not\subseteq S\}\neq\emptyset, D:=gcd(R)>1D:=\gcd(R)>1, and j/Dj/D is odd for every jRj\in R; (C.4) nn is even and some integer gg coprime to nn satisfies gs+n/2Sgs+n/2\in S for every sSs\in S. Wilson's classification conjecture. Every nontrivially unstable circulant Cay(Zn,S)\operatorname{Cay}(\mathbb{Z}_n,S) satisfies at least one of (C.1)--(C.4). The conjecture proposes a classification of all nontrivially unstable circulants, but the paper notes that the proposed classification is false after correcting (C.2), and no conjectural classification is ultimately known.

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Primary source

Yan-Li Qin, Binzhou Xia and Sanming Zhou, “Stability of circulant graphs”, arXiv:1802.04921 (2018).

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