Schinzel's non-cyclotomic factorization conjecture

Let FQ[x±1]F\in\mathbb{Q}[{\boldsymbol{x}}^{\pm1}] be a non-cyclotomic irreducible Laurent polynomial. Let c,a\langle{\boldsymbol{c}},{\boldsymbol{a}}\rangle denote the scalar product of vectors in Zn\mathbb{Z}^n, and let cyc(G)\operatorname{cyc}(G) denote the cyclotomic part of a Laurent polynomial GG.

Schinzel's non-cyclotomic factorization conjecture. There are finite sets Ω0Zn×n\Omega^0\subset\mathbb{Z}^{n\times n} of nonsingular matrices and ΓZn\Gamma\subset\mathbb{Z}^n of nonzero vectors such that, for every aZn{\boldsymbol{a}}\in\mathbb{Z}^n, either there is cΓ{\boldsymbol{c}}\in\Gamma with c,a=0\langle{\boldsymbol{c}},{\boldsymbol{a}}\rangle=0, or there are MΩ0M\in\Omega^0 and bZn{\boldsymbol{b}}\in\mathbb{Z}^n with a=Mb{\boldsymbol{a}}=M{\boldsymbol{b}} such that, if F(xM)=PPePF({\boldsymbol{x}}^M)=\prod_P P^{e_P} is its irreducible factorization, then

F(ta)cyc(F(ta))=P(P(tb)cyc(P(tb)))eP\frac{F(t^{\boldsymbol{a}})}{\operatorname{cyc}(F(t^{\boldsymbol{a}}))}=\prod_P\left(\frac{P(t^{\boldsymbol{b}})}{\operatorname{cyc}(P(t^{\boldsymbol{b}}))}\right)^{e_P}

is the irreducible factorization of F(ta)/cyc(F(ta))F(t^{\boldsymbol{a}})/\operatorname{cyc}(F(t^{\boldsymbol{a}})).

The conjecture gives a uniform factorization pattern away from finitely many orthogonality hyperplanes, after removing cyclotomic factors. The supplied text attributes it to Schinzel and does not resolve its status.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Francesco Amoroso and Martín Sombra, “Factorization of bivariate sparse polynomials”, arXiv:1710.11479 (2018).

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