The necessity of all generalized Reidemeister moves for virtual-knot diagrams

Let KK be a virtual knot, and let DD and DD' be diagrams of KK. The generalized Reidemeister-move conjecture. There exist two diagrams DD and DD' such that every sequence of generalized Reidemeister moves transforming DD into DD' contains all of the generalized Reidemeister moves. This would establish that, for virtual knots, no generalized Reidemeister move can be omitted in general when relating diagrams of the same knot; the preceding discussion notes that the claim is known for several individual move types, while the remaining cases motivate the conjecture.

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Primary source

Kanako Oshiro, Ayaka Shimizu and Yoshiro Yaguchi, “Up-down colorings of virtual-link diagrams and the necessity of Reidemeister moves of type II”, arXiv:1703.03573 (2017).

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