Three-dimensional density of singular hyperbolicity

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Let MM be a three-dimensional manifold, let X1(M){\cal X}^1(M) denote the space of C1C^1 vector fields on MM, and call a vector field singular hyperbolic when its chain-recurrent set is a finite union of singular-hyperbolic sets. Density conjecture. If dim⁡(M)=3\operatorname{dim}(M)=3, any vector field can be approximated in X1(M){\cal X}^1(M) by singular hyperbolic ones. This is presented as a C1C^1 analogue of Smale's conjecture for surface diffeomorphisms; even for nonsingular vector fields, the source says it is open and interprets it as asserting density of hyperbolicity.

References

Primary source

Sylvain Crovisier and Dawei Yang, “Homoclinic tangencies and singular hyperbolicity for three-dimensional vector fields”, arXiv:1702.05994 (2018).

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