Two-scale asymptotic normality for distinct-part core-partition sizes

From papers

Let Xd,nX_{d,n} be the size of a uniformly random (n,dn1)(n,dn-1)-core partition with distinct parts, with mean μd,n\mu_{d,n} and standard deviation σd,n\sigma_{d,n}. For each fixed nn, consider the standardized variable (Xd,nμd,n)/σd,n(X_{d,n}-\mu_{d,n})/\sigma_{d,n} as dd tends to infinity.

Two-scale normality conjecture. For each fixed nn, the distribution of Xd,nX_{d,n} is not asymptotically normal; in fact, (Xd,nμd,n)/σd,n(X_{d,n}-\mu_{d,n})/\sigma_{d,n} tends to some abnormal distribution XnX_n as dd\to\infty. However, XnX_n is asymptotically normal: (Xnμ)/σ(X_n-\mu)/\sigma tends to the standard normal distribution as nn\to\infty.

The conjecture distinguishes the limits in dd and nn: the first limit is non-normal for fixed nn, while the resulting family is expected to become normal as nn grows. The source supports this with computed standardized moments but gives no proof or resolution.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Anthony Zaleski, “Explicit expressions for the moments of the size of an (n, dn-1)-core partition with distinct parts”, arXiv:1702.05634 (2017).

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