The Airy process limit for the L-shaped Aztec diamond

From papers

Let XNRX_N^R denote the top line of an Aztec diamond of size NN with a square removed from the top so that its lower tip is at height N/2+25/6N1/3RN/\sqrt{2}+2^{-5/6}N^{1/3}R. Define

XNR,resc(T)=XNR(21/6N2/3T)N/225/6N1/3.X_N^{R,\mathrm{resc}}(T)=\frac{X_N^R(2^{-1/6}N^{2/3}T)-N/\sqrt{2}}{2^{-5/6}N^{1/3}}.

For any T1<T2<<TkT_1<T_2<\ldots<T_k and U1,,UkRU_1,\ldots,U_k\leq R, the L-shaped Aztec-diamond conjecture.

limNP(=1k{XNR,resc(T)U})=P(=1k{A2(T)T2U}{A2(0)R})P(A2(0)R),\lim_{N\to\infty}\mathbf P\left(\bigcap_{\ell=1}^k\{X_N^{R,\mathrm{resc}}(T_\ell)\leq U_\ell\}\right)=\frac{\mathbf P\left(\bigcap_{\ell=1}^k\{{\mathcal A}_2(T_\ell)-T_\ell^2\leq U_\ell\}\cap\{{\mathcal A}_2(0)\leq R\}\right)}{\mathbf P({\mathcal A}_2(0)\leq R)},

where A2{\mathcal A}_2 is the Airy2_2 process. Consequently,

limNP(XNR,rescU)=FGUE(min{U,R})FGUE(R),\lim_{N\to\infty}\mathbf P(X_N^{R,\mathrm{resc}}\leq U)=\frac{F_{\mathrm{GUE}}(\min\{U,R\})}{F_{\mathrm{GUE}}(R)},

where FGUEF_{\mathrm{GUE}} is the GUE Tracy--Widom distribution function. This predicts that the rescaled top line in the L-shaped geometry converges to the Airy2_2 process with parabolic shift, conditioned by the event A2(0)R{\mathcal A}_2(0)\leq R; the stated limit is expected from the corresponding Aztec-diamond scaling limit.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Patrik L. Ferrari and Bálint Vető, “The hard-edge tacnode process for Brownian motion”, arXiv:1608.00394 (2020).

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