Conjecture on logarithmic distances between Latin squares

Let N(n)={0,1,,n1}N(n)=\{0,1,\dots,n-1\}, and let a Latin square of order nn be an n×nn\times n array whose entries are symbols from N(n)N(n), with each symbol occurring exactly once in every row and every column. For two Latin squares LL and LL' of order nn, write LL|L\setminus L'| for their Hamming distance.

Logarithmic distance conjecture. For each Latin square LL of order nn,

min{LLL is a Latin square of order n and LL}=O(logn).\min\{|L\setminus L'|\mid L'\text{ is a Latin square of order }n\text{ and }L'\neq L\}=O(\log n).

The paper proves the weaker upper bound 8n8\sqrt n, which is the first bound that is o(n)o(n), while the conjectured logarithmic bound remains open. The back circulant Latin square provides evidence that a logarithmic order may be best possible.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Nicholas Cavenagh and Reshma Ramadurai, “On the distances between Latin squares and the smallest defining set size”, arXiv:1602.07734 (2016).

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