The non-linear limit theorem for ordinal numbers in Pascal automorphism

Let x={xn,nN}Z2x=\{x_n,n\in\textbf N\}\in\textbf Z_2 be a point, and let tn(x)t_n(x) be the ordinal number of its length-nn initial fragment among the binary sequences of length nn having the same number of zeros. Let mm denote Haar measure on Z2\textbf Z_2. Non-linear limit theorem. There exist a sequence ana_n of natural numbers and a sequence bnb_n of positive numbers such that, for almost all xZ2x\in\textbf Z_2 with respect to Haar measure, there exists the limit

limnm{x:tn(x)anbnα}=Ψ(α),\lim_n m\left\{x:\frac{t_n(x)-a_n}{b_n}\leq\alpha\right\}=\Psi(\alpha),

where Ψ\Psi is a non-degenerate distribution on R\textbf R. This is presented as an open problem concerning the asymptotic distribution of ordinal positions in the Pascal automorphism; the supplied text does not establish the existence of the sequences or the limiting distribution.

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Primary source

Anatoly Vershik, “Several remarks on Pascal automorphism and infinite ergodic theory”, arXiv:1512.03721 (2015).

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