The multipartition equidistribution conjecture

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For each positive integer tt, let pt(n)p_t(n) be the number of tt-multipartitions of nn, defined by

∑n=0∞pt(n)qn=1∏i=1∞(1−qi)t.\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}p_t(n)q^n=\frac{1}{\prod_{i=1}^{\infty}(1-q^i)^t}.

Let δt\delta_t, if it exists, be the density of integers nn for which pt(n)p_t(n) is odd:

δt=lim⁡x→∞#{n≤x:pt(n) is odd}x.\delta_t=\lim_{x\rightarrow\infty}\frac{\#\{n\leq x:p_t(n)\text{ is odd}\}}{x}.

Multipartition equidistribution conjecture. The density δt\delta_t exists and equals 1/21/2 for every odd positive integer tt. Equivalently, if t=2kt0t=2^k t_0 with t0≥1t_0\geq 1 odd, then δt\delta_t exists and equals 2−k−12^{-k-1}.

This extends the partition-function conjecture from t=1t=1 to multipartition functions and predicts equidistribution modulo 22 in the odd-tt case. The source presents the claim as conjectural and notes that even positivity or existence of these densities is beyond current methods.

References

Primary source

Samuel D. Judge, William J. Keith and Fabrizio Zanello, “On the density of the odd values of the partition function”, arXiv:1511.05531 (2017).

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