Strong maximum and minimum principle in backwards light cones

Let UTU_T be the spacetime domain, let U(x,t)U_{(x,t)} denote the backwards light cone

U(x,t)={(ξ,τ)UT:xξtτ},U_{(x,t)}=\bigl\{(\xi,\tau)\in U_T:\lvert x-\xi\rvert\leq t-\tau\bigr\},

and let Q~\widetilde{Q} be the spatial operator in the relativistic heat equation. Strong maximum and minimum principle. If wC12(UT)C(UT)w\in C^2_1(U_T)\cap C(\overline{U_T}) satisfies wtQ~w0w_t-\widetilde{Q}w\leq0 and attains an interior maximum MM at a point (x,t)UT(x,t)\in U_T, then wMw\equiv M in the backwards light cone U(x,t)U_{(x,t)}. Likewise, if ww satisfies wtQ~w0w_t-\widetilde{Q}w\geq0 and attains an interior minimum mm at (x,t)UT(x,t)\in U_T, then wmw\equiv m in U(x,t)U_{(x,t)}. This would extend the classical strong maximum and minimum principle from parabolic cylinders to the causally relevant regions of the relativistic heat equation; it is presented as a possible strengthening requiring new techniques and remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Evan Miller and Ari Stern, “Maximum principles for the relativistic heat equation”, arXiv:1507.05030 (2015).

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