Freeness criterion for members of a pencil containing a unique non-reduced curve

Let hh1r1hsrs=0hh_1^{r_1}\cdots h_s^{r_s}=0 be the equation of the unique non-reduced curve, where h=0{h=0} is reduced, deg(hi)=mi1\operatorname{deg}(h_i)=m_i\geq 1, and ri2r_i\geq 2. Let DkD_k be a member of the pencil, and let DsgD^{\mathrm{sg}} denote the singular locus scheme of the pencil. The reduced structure of DkD_k has its Jacobian ideal defined by the partial derivatives of a reduced equation for DkD_k. Freeness criterion. DkD_k is free with exponents

(2n2i=1s(ri1)mi,n(k2)+1)\left(2n-2-\sum_{i=1}^{s}(r_i-1)m_i,\,n(k-2)+1\right)

if and only if DkDsgD_k\supseteq D^{\mathrm{sg}} and the Jacobian ideal of the reduced structure of DkD_k is locally a complete intersection.

This extends the preceding freeness criteria to the case where the pencil contains a non-reduced curve, by removing the divisor contributed by its repeated components. The statement is presented in the source as something the authors believe to be true, and no resolution is supplied here.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Jean Vallès, “Free divisors in a pencil of curves”, arXiv:1502.02416 (2016).

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