Polylogarithmic root bound for sparse trinomials over finite fields

Let p3p\geq 3 be prime, let γ,e2,e3{1,,p2}\gamma,e_2,e_3\in\{1,\ldots,p-2\} satisfy e3>e2>0e_3>e_2>0 and gcd(e2,e3,p1)=1\gcd(e_2,e_3,p-1)=1, and consider the trinomial

γ+xe2+xe3.\gamma+x^{e_2}+x^{e_3}.

Polylogarithmic root-bound conjecture. There is an absolute constant c1c\geq 1 such that this trinomial has no more than (logp)c(\log p)^c roots in Fp\mathbb{F}_p.

This conjecture proposes an upper bound for the number of roots of normalized trinomials over prime finite fields, in contrast with the experimentally motivated possibility of trinomials having on the order of p\sqrt p roots. Its status is not resolved by the supplied source context.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Qi Cheng, Shuhong Gao, J. Maurice Rojas and Daqing Wan, “Sparse Univariate Polynomials with Many Roots Over Finite Fields”, arXiv:1411.6346 (2016).

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