Differentiability conjecture for the arithmetic Fourier series FkF_k and GkG_k

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Let FkF_k and GkG_k be the arithmetic Fourier series considered in the paper, and let qn(x)q_n(x) denote the denominators of the continued-fraction convergents of xx. Let k∈N∗k\in\mathbb{N}^* be even. Differentiability conjecture. (i) Neither FkF_k nor GkG_k is differentiable at any x∈Qx\in\mathbb{Q}; however, GkG_k is right and left differentiable at each x∈Qx\in\mathbb{Q}. (ii) The function GkG_k is differentiable at any x∈R∖Qx\in\mathbb{R}\setminus\mathbb{Q}. (iii) The function FkF_k is differentiable at x∈R∖Qx\in\mathbb{R}\setminus\mathbb{Q} if and only if

∑n=0∞log⁡qn+1(x)qn(x)k<∞.\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{\log q_{n+1}(x)}{q_n(x)^k}<\infty.

The conjecture extends the differentiability results proved in the paper for the case k=2k=2 to every even positive integer. The preceding discussion indicates that removing the additional conditions used in the k=2k=2 theorem is expected to be necessary, while the proposed general statement remains unproved in the source.

References

Primary source

Izabela Petrykiewicz, “Differentiability of arithmetic Fourier series arising from Eisenstein series”, arXiv:1411.5871 (2014).

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