Ennola duality conjecture for character degrees of general linear and unitary congruence quotients

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Let n∈Nn\in\mathbb{N}. For ε∈{−1,1}\varepsilon\in\{-1,1\}, let o\mathfrak{o} be a compact discrete valuation ring with residue cardinality qq, let G\mathsf{G} be one of the o\mathfrak{o}-group schemes GLn\mathsf{GL}_n or GUn\mathsf{GU}_n, and write ε=εG\varepsilon=\varepsilon_{\mathsf{G}} accordingly. Ennola duality conjecture. There exist a finite index set II, polynomials fi(ε)∈Z[1/n!][t]f_i^{(\varepsilon)}\in\mathbb{Z}[1/n!][t] and gi(ε)∈Z[t]g_i^{(\varepsilon)}\in\mathbb{Z}[t], ascending chains of finite sets Bi,1⊂Bi,2⊂⋯⊂N\mathcal{B}_{i,1}\subset\mathcal{B}_{i,2}\subset\cdots\subset\mathbb{N}, and non-negative integers Aij(ε),BijA_{ij}^{(\varepsilon)},B_{ij} such that, for every ℓ∈N\ell\in\mathbb{N}, the character degrees and representation zeta function of G(oℓ)\mathsf{G}(\mathfrak{o}_\ell) are respectively

cd⁡(G(oℓ))={gi(ε)(q)qBij∣i∈I,j∈Bi,ℓ},\operatorname{cd}(\mathsf{G}(\mathfrak{o}_\ell))=\{g_i^{(\varepsilon)}(q)q^{B_{ij}\mid i\in I,j\in\mathcal{B}_{i,\ell}}\},

and

ζG(oℓ)(s)=∑i∈I∑j∈Bi,ℓfi(ε)(q)qAij(ε)(gi(ε)(q)qBij)−s.\zeta_{\mathsf{G}(\mathfrak{o}_\ell)}(s)=\sum_{i\in I}\sum_{j\in\mathcal{B}_{i,\ell}}f_i^{(\varepsilon)}(q)q^{A_{ij}^{(\varepsilon)}}\left(g_i^{(\varepsilon)}(q)q^{B_{ij}}\right)^{-s}.

Moreover, for every i∈Ii\in I, Ennola duality holds for character degrees:

gi(−1)(t)=(−1)deg⁡(gi(1))gi(1)(−t).g_i^{(-1)}(t)=(-1)^{\deg(g_i^{(1)})}g_i^{(1)}(-t).

The conjecture extends the observed uniformity of character degrees and zeta functions for finite congruence quotients of general linear and unitary groups; the cited low-level and low-rank cases are known, while the asserted uniform description for all nn and levels remains open.

References

Primary source

Nir Avni, Benjamin Klopsch, Uri Onn and Christopher Voll, “Similarity classes of integral p-adic matrices and representation zeta functions of groups of type A_2”, arXiv:1410.4533 (2015).

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