Conjecture on the bispectral algebra for a three-by-three step-up example

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Let

Ψ(x,z)=exz(z−x−1x−2−x−30z−x−1x−200z−x−1).\Psi(x,z)=e^{xz}\begin{pmatrix}z-x^{-1}&x^{-2}&-x^{-3}\\0&z-x^{-1}&x^{-2}\\0&0&z-x^{-1}\end{pmatrix}.

Consider matrix-valued polynomials Θ(x)\Theta(x) for which there exists a differential operator B\mathcal B satisfying

ΨB=Θ(x)Ψ.\Psi\mathcal B=\Theta(x)\Psi.

Bispectral algebra conjecture. The algebra of all such Θ(x)\Theta(x) is the algebra of polynomials

(r011r012r0130r022r02300r011)+(r111r112r113r022−r011r122r1230r022−r011r111+r023−r012)x+(r211r212r213r122−r111−r023+r012r222r223r022−r011r122−r111r211+r123−r112)x2+(r311r312r313r321r322r323r122−2r111−r023+r012r332r333)x3+(r411r412r413r421r422r423r332+r321−r222−r211+r112r432r433)x4+(r511r512r513r521r522r523r432+r421−r333−r322−r311+r223+r212−r113r532r533)x5+x6P(x),\begin{aligned} &\begin{pmatrix}r^{11}_0&r^{12}_0&r^{13}_0\\0&r^{22}_0&r^{23}_0\\0&0&r^{11}_0\end{pmatrix}+\begin{pmatrix}r^{11}_1&r^{12}_1&r^{13}_1\\r^{22}_0-r^{11}_0&r^{22}_1&r^{23}_1\\0&r^{22}_0-r^{11}_0&r^{11}_1+r^{23}_0-r^{12}_0\end{pmatrix}x\\ &+\begin{pmatrix}r^{11}_2&r^{12}_2&r^{13}_2\\r^{22}_1-r^{11}_1-r^{23}_0+r^{12}_0&r^{22}_2&r^{23}_2\\r^{22}_0-r^{11}_0&r^{22}_1-r^{11}_1&r^{11}_2+r^{23}_1-r^{12}_1\end{pmatrix}x^2\\ &+\begin{pmatrix}r^{11}_3&r^{12}_3&r^{13}_3\\r^{21}_3&r^{22}_3&r^{23}_3\\r^{22}_1-2r^{11}_1-r^{23}_0+r^{12}_0&r^{32}_3&r^{33}_3\end{pmatrix}x^3\\ &+\begin{pmatrix}r^{11}_4&r^{12}_4&r^{13}_4\\r^{21}_4&r^{22}_4&r^{23}_4\\r^{32}_3+r^{21}_3-r^{22}_2-r^{11}_2+r^{12}_1&r^{32}_4&r^{33}_4\end{pmatrix}x^4\\ &+\begin{pmatrix}r^{11}_5&r^{12}_5&r^{13}_5\\r^{21}_5&r^{22}_5&r^{23}_5\\r^{32}_4+r^{21}_4-r^{33}_3-r^{22}_3-r^{11}_3+r^{23}_2+r^{12}_2-r^{13}_1&r^{32}_5&r^{33}_5\end{pmatrix}x^5+x^6P(x), \end{aligned}

where P(x)P(x) is an arbitrary 3×33\times3 matrix-valued polynomial and all variables rkijr^{ij}_k displayed in the source are arbitrary.

References

Primary source

F. Alberto Grünbaum, “Some Noncommutative Matrix Algebras Arising in the Bispectral Problem”, arXiv:1407.6458 (2014).

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