Loehr–Warrington rational q,tq,t-Catalan symmetry conjecture

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For a,b∈Na,b\in\mathbb{N}, let D(NaEb)\mathcal{D}(N^aE^b) be the set of rational Dyck paths and define

Cata,b(q,t)=∑D∈D(NaEb)qarea(D)tarea(sweep(D)).\mathsf{Cat}_{a,b}(q,t)=\sum_{D\in\mathcal{D}(N^aE^b)}q^{\mathsf{area}(D)}t^{\mathsf{area}(\mathsf{sweep}(D))}.

Rational q,tq,t-Catalan symmetry conjecture.

Cata,b(q,t)=Cata,b(t,q).\mathsf{Cat}_{a,b}(q,t)=\mathsf{Cat}_{a,b}(t,q).

The weaker specialization symmetry would follow from bijectivity of the sweep map, which the source says is known only for certain parameters; the general joint symmetry is presented as conjectural.

References

Primary source

Drew Armstrong, Nicholas A. Loehr and Gregory S. Warrington, “Rational parking functions and Catalan numbers”, arXiv:1403.1845 (2014).

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