Motzkin numbers nonvanishing modulo the squares of 31, 37, and 61

Let M(n)M(n) denote the nnth Motzkin number, and let pp be one of the primes in the set

{31,37,61}.\{31,37,61\}.

Nonvanishing conjecture. For all n0n\geq 0,

M(n)≢0(modp2).M(n)\mathrel{\not\equiv}0\pmod{p^2}.

The conjecture is suggested by experimental evidence, but the automata for these moduli had not been computed in the source, so its status remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Eric Rowland and Reem Yassawi, “Automatic congruences for diagonals of rational functions”, arXiv:1310.8635 (2014).

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