Jacobi-Stirling transformation conjecture on preserving log-convexity

A sequence transformation maps a sequence {zn}n\{z_n\}_n to a sequence {wn}n\{w_n\}_n. For the Jacobi-Stirling numbers of the second kind JS(n,k;z)\operatorname{JS}(n,k;z) and the Jacobi-Stirling numbers of the first kind Jc(n,k;z)\operatorname{Jc}(n,k;z), define

wn=k=0nJS(n,k;z)zkw_n=\sum_{k=0}^n\operatorname{JS}(n,k;z)z_k

or

wn=k=0nJc(n,k;z)zk.w_n=\sum_{k=0}^n\operatorname{Jc}(n,k;z)z_k.

A sequence is log-convex if zn2zn1zn+1z_n^2\leq z_{n-1}z_{n+1} for the relevant indices. Jacobi-Stirling transformation conjecture. Each of these transformations preserves log-convexity for z=0z=0 and z=1z=1: whenever {zn}n0\{z_n\}_{n\geq0} is log-convex, the resulting sequence {wn}n0\{w_n\}_{n\geq0} is also log-convex. This extends the known log-convexity-preservation result for the Stirling transformation and is posed in connection with the log-convexity properties of Jacobi-Stirling polynomials; its resolution is not given in the source.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Zhicong Lin and Jiang Zeng, “Positivity properties of Jacobi-Stirling numbers and generalized Ramanujan polynomials”, arXiv:1309.4237 (2013).

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