The adelic root bound hypothesis for sums of products of sparse polynomials

For k,m,tNk,m,t\in\mathbb{N}, let SPS(k,m,t)\mathrm{SPS}(k,m,t) denote the class of polynomials represented as sums of kk products of mm integer polynomials, each having at most tt nonzero terms. A distinct root is a root counted without multiplicity. Adelic root bound hypothesis. For any k,m,tNk,m,t\in\mathbb{N} and fSPS(k,m,t)f\in\mathrm{SPS}(k,m,t), there is a field

L{R,Q2,Q3,Q5,}L\in\{\mathbb{R},\mathbb{Q}_2,\mathbb{Q}_3,\mathbb{Q}_5,\ldots\}

such that ff has no more than (kmt)O(1)(kmt)^{O(1)} distinct roots in LL. This is an open problem related to pp-adic and real-analytic approaches to bounding integer roots. A stronger assertion, that every integer polynomial has only τ(f)O(1)\tau(f)^{O(1)} roots in LL, is known to be false.

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Primary source

Pascal Koiran, Natacha Portier and J. Maurice Rojas, “Counting Tropically Degenerate Valuations and p-adic Approaches to the Hardness of the Permanent”, arXiv:1309.0486 (2013).

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